By Natalie Lee

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Steve Hanna

Abstract

In the early 20th century, racial covenants were embedded in land deeds to restrict property sales based on race, a practice that was widespread throughout Fredericksburg. These covenants often included perpetuity clauses that specified the duration of such restrictions. Through spatial analysis and data management, this study visualizes and examines the distribution of racially restrictive covenants across block groups, highlighting patterns in their geographic prevalence.